Science Article Summary #15

Walton, D. “Archbishop in genome health study.” BBC News. February 18, 2010. BBC MMX [Internet]. [accessed Feb 21, 2010] Available from:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/science/nature/8519954.stm

Archbishop in genome health study

In a study on genetic diversity and health, a group of scientists analyzed the genomes of five South Africans, including Archbishop Desmond Tutu. Their findings, which were published in the journal Nature, provided valuable insight into the connection between health and genetics.

The Archbishop, and four indigenous hunter-gatherers from different parts of the Kalahari region were the subjects of the study. Each were about 80 years old and had lengthy health records available for review by researchers. Archbishop Tutu himself has had a history of both cancer and TB and was quite relieved to learn that he had no genetically-linked diseases to worry about.

South Africans have not often been involved in medical trials in the past. However, there are many advantages to be had, since they are genetically distinct from Europeans, Asians and West Africans and show a great deal more diversity. Much of this diversity may be explained by adaptation to the environment, lifestyle and diet. For instance, the allele associated with light skin color as well as one related to the digestion of milk were not present in their genes. They are also missing an allele which provides resistance to malaria. Since the Kalarahi desert is mostly free of malaria, the Bushmen living there might not survive if they were to move to another location where malaria is more prevalent.

Archbishop Tutu is very much in support of the study of genetic diversity, which he believes is one of humanity’s greatest assets. After all, Africa is one of the most diverse environments on earth, and the origin of modern man.